Diagnostico diferencial segun caracteristicas del lcr. Pneumococcal and meningococcal conjugate vaccines have been implemented, use of enteroviral polymerase chain reaction pcr has become routine in most childrens hospitals. A spinal needle is inserted, usually between the 3rd and 4th lumbar vertebrae in the lower spine. As well as acute encephalitis, adem and ahle, viral encephalitis also includes slow viral and chronic degenerative diseases of presumed viral origin. Viral, or aseptic, meningitis is usually caused by enterovirusescommon viruses that enter the body through the mouth and travel to the brain and surrounding tissues where they multiply. Jimenezmejias coordinador 1, rosario amaya villar 2, alfredo palomino garcia 3, m. Aseptic meningitis and encephalitis are most often the result of viral infection but less frequently result from infection by parasites, spirochetes, rickettsia, and prions. However, the distinction between an infective viral encephalitis and a metabolic encephalopathy or adem may not. In general, meningitis caused by a virus is less serious than meningitis caused by bacteria. Acute viral myositis is a very typical clinical situation with legs pain and functional impairment, after or during a viral infection. In many cases, the specific virus that caused the meningitis is not. Meningitis in children beyond the basics acute flaccid myelitis. Encefalitis viral aftercare instructions care guide. Echovirus y herpes simplex pueden causar hipoglicorraquia.
A lumbar puncture collects cerebrospinal fluid to check for the presence of disease or injury. Enteroviruses are present in mucus, saliva, and feces, and can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person or an infected object or surface. Herpes simplex virus meningitis without encephalitis is an infrequent cause of viral meningitis in children. Almost all of the cases occur as single, isolated events. With the exception of the herpes simplex virus, there are no specific medications to treat the organisms that cause viral meningitis. Meningitis bacteriana aguda enfermedades cerebrales. Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis. Acute childhood encephalitis and meningoencephalitis. Cns viral infections frequently occur as a complication of systemic viral infections. Clinical features are poor discriminators for meningitis, so urgent investigations, starting with lumbar puncture, are key. Over 100 viruses are implicated as causative agents, including herpes simplex virus type i which is the most common agent implied in nonepidemic encephalitis in all population groups in the world, and is responsible for the most severe cases in all. Treatment for viral meningitis is usually supportive aimed at relieving symptoms. Meningoencephalitis american academy of pediatrics. Differential diagnosis of viral encephalitis the characteristic presentation of viral encephalitis usually consists of fever, headache, and clouding of consciousness together with seizures and focal neurology in some cases.
Most infected patients have a mild syndrome of meningoencephalitis rather than severe encephalitis. Viral meningitis viral meningitis is usually diagnosed following exclusion of bacterial meningitis, with enterovirus and coxsackie virus being the major causes. Most patients do not need brain imaging before lumbar puncture. Cefalea, fiebre y manifestaciones neurologicas son las predominantes. Over the past year, three viral subtypes showed important activity worldwide. Espero vuestros comentarios, preguntas y aportaciones. Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis in the uk, but bacterial meningitis continues to be important, with a high mortality. Criterio normal meningitis bacteriana meningitis viral meningoencefalitis meningitis. Meningoencefalitis bacteriana aspectos clinicos y epidemiologicos.
Revision bibliografica meningitis bacteriana y viral. Aurora morilla alfaro 2, julian palomino nicas 1, y francisco javier marquez rivas 3. Management of viral encephalitis guidelines cover the initial management of all patients with suspected encephalitis, up to the point of diagnosis, in an acute care setting such as acute medical unit or emergency department. Meningoencefalitis neonatal by adrian flores on prezi. Bronquiectasias en pediatria, aproximacion diagnostica y tratamiento. Viral meningitis is a virusborne inflammation of the meninges, which are the. Viral meningitis is an infection of the meninges a thin lining covering the brain and spinal cord by any one of a number of different viruses. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Viral meningitis nonbacterial meningitis fact sheet. About 90% of viral meningitis cases are due to common stomach viruses called enteroviruses, but other viruses can also cause viral meningitis. Most children with viral meningitis recover on their own without treatment.